Week 7 RJA
Evaluation of Sources:
1. Reference Article:
Bibliographic information: The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2007, Columbia University Press. court system in the United States — Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0813817.html#ixzz1Fz3qr2qS
Evaluation: The authority of this reference article is very high in my opinion. The Columbia Encyclopedia is a very credible resource and I believe that the expertise of the author is also very high. I am unsure as to the specific author of this article but would say that anyone who is writing for the Columbia Encyclopedia accredited and affiliated with Columbia. Although the guidelines say that websites, especially those that do not list an author, are not the most credible I am more apt to believe that Columbia is a very trusted resource. The timeliness of this article is questionable because it was published in 2007 and has not been updated since then. Although the topic of this resource not to be one that would need to be updated often. The documentation of this resource is great because it is from an Encyclopedia so they would not reference any other resources; this resource is one that others would use as a cite-able resource. Bibliography information is provided and related links are provided. I believe that the purpose and audience are presented to inform and not really to persuade for this reason I believe that it is scholarly and does not provide any bias. I also believe that this organization is produced by a v3ery credible organization. As for the review process I am not sure where to access this information for the Columbia Encyclopedia. While I do believe that an Encyclopedia is probably peer reviewed I'm not able to verify this. I absolutely believe that this information is written at a level that I can understand and that the information contained therein is completely suitable for my topic.
2. Periodical Article:
Bibliographic information: Hult, John. "Minor Crimes Landing Kids in Jail; Study First Step in Finding Alternatives to Juvenile Detention" Argusleader.com. Published 02/18/11.
Link:http://www.argusleader.com/article/20110219/NEWS/102190312/Minor-crimes-landing-kids-jail?odyssey=nav|head
Evaluation: The authority of this article is not very strong. The host website does not offer any information regarding the author or what his expertise he may have on the subject. He is a journalist and I do believe that he must maintain certain ethical standards. The timeliness of this article is very good this article was created less than one month ago so the information contained therein should still be very accurate. I do not believe that the documentation is very good at all. The article does not provide any bibliography information, links or refer to other works. I believe that the purpose of this article is informative and news related and that the target audience is for the general public. I do believe that the article may show some bias and appears to swing a bit to the left. I do not see that there is any review process for this website. I do believe that this information was presented at a level that I can understand and that it contains information that will be useful for my paper.
3. Website:
Bibliographic information:
Link: http://www.thecrimereport.org/archive/juvenile-justice-budget-shortfalls. Wednesday, July 28, 2010 11:40. Juvenile Justice & Budget Shortfalls. The Crime Report, Your Complete Criminal Justice Source.
Evaluation: I believe that the authority of this source is very good. The website says that it's mission is to "serve as a resource and a marketplace of ideas for journalists, practitioners, researchers, and the general public." Therefore it would seem as though they are a professional organization with a lot of expertise on the topic of Criminal Justice. The credentials listed are very good as well. The information provided is fairly up to date and the website on the whole appears to be updated regularly. The authors do provide, and supports their statements with, a lot of references and links to other pages and resources. Bibliographic information is not provided. I believe that the purpose of this resource is informative and scholarly. It would also appear that their goal is to remain unbiased. I do believe that there is a review process before publication but I do not see that there is a critical review after publication. I believe that the information contained is very suitable for my purposes and written at a level that I could understand.
4. Book:
Bibliographic Information: Steven M. Cox, Jennifer M. Allen, Robert D. Hanser, John J. Conrad
Bibliographic Information: Steven M. Cox, Jennifer M. Allen, Robert D. Hanser, John J. Conrad
· Juvenile Justice; A Guide to Theory, Policy and Practice, 6th Edition, Published in the USA, Copyright 2008 by Sage Publications, Inc.
Evaluation: I believe that the authority of this source is very good.The credentials of the authors are very good and the information provided is up to date. I believe that this book is a part of a series so it is updated regularly. The authors do provide, and supports their statements with, a lot of references and resources. Bibliographic information is easily accessible. I believe that the purpose of this resource is informative and scholarly. It would also appear that the information provided is unbiased. I do believe that there is a review process before publication but I do not see that there is a critical review after publication. I believe that the information contained is very suitable for my purposes and written at a level that I could understand.
Quotation, Paraphrase, and Summary:
But perhaps the most significant decision for juveniles came in 1967 when the Supreme Court decided In re Gault. (48) In this case the Court held that a juvenile charged with a delinquency in a juvenile court had four basic rights. (49) That is, if the act would constitute a crime if committed by an adult, the minor has a fight to advance written notice of the charges against her, the right to counsel, the fight to confront and question witnesses, and the right to protection against self-incrimination. (50) The Court did not role on the minor's right to appeal but encouraged the states to provide a process. In reaching its conclusion, the Court reviewed the history of the juvenile court system and the parens patriae rationale behind its lack of procedural due process rights, and its non-adversarial, civil nature. This overview of the system led the Justices to confront what it termed the reality of the juvenile court process, and they found that in the juvenile courts "unbridled discretion, however benevolently motivated, is frequently a poor substitute for principle and procedure." (51) Instead of leading to individual treatment as envisioned, the Court determined that this unbridled discretion resulted in arbitrariness and "unfairness to individuals and inadequate or inaccurate findings of fact and unfortunate proscriptions of remedy." (52)
While many may believe that the juvenile justice system is lax on the children it services, many would be interested to find out that juvenile jail is harder than it may seem. In fact, in the late 1960's the Supreme Court completed a complete overhaul of the system. During this review it was discovered that "in the juvenile courts "unbridled discretion, however benevolently motivated, is frequently a poor substitute for principle and procedure."
Paraphrase: In the late 1960's the Supreme Court ruled that juveniles had four basic rights, if accused of an adult crime, all relating to due process: written notice of charges, counsel, cross examine witnesses and the 5th amendment as well as the right to an appeal process.
Summarize:
In 1967 the Supreme Court made a landmark decision ruling that juveniles had four basic rights if the act committed constituted an adult crime. These included: advance written notice of the charges, right to counsel, the right to confront and question witnesses and protection against self-incrimination. Although, the court did not rule on the right to appeal, the did encourage the process to the states. Ultimately, they discovered that the juvenile system exercised abhorrent practices and guidelines which created injustice for the individuals.
Webpage Annotation:
** I'm not sure that I did the "floating sticky note properly.** Can you help me? Please..
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